Hello everyone,
A few posts ago, I started to tell you the story of the destruction of the city of Saint Pierre during the eruption of Mount Pelee. This time I would like to tell you about the catastrophe from the human point of view.
Saint Pierre did not have the classic fate of industrial centers that were gradually abandoned. No, destiny had decided on a much more violent fate, with a grandiose finish (this depends on which point of view you are looking at, of course).
The great catastrophe of Saint-Pierre, as it is sometimes called, was a major volcanic eruption of Mount Pelee in 1902. Like Vesuvius in Italy, Mount Pelee is an explosive volcano, meaning that it does not spew out uninterrupted streams of lava, but ejects "fiery clouds". These burning clouds are clouds of particles and gases at very high temperatures (1200-1300°C), to which nothing resists. Neither wall, nor man, nor beast. Not even the boats in the bay, nor the thousands of people who threw themselves into the sea to escape the disaster and ended up boiled!
It is necessary to know that in 1902, fumaroles were escaping from the mountain for several years. However, on May 8, it was already 2 weeks that earthquakes, rains of ash, and thick clouds of smoke were felt from the volcano. The concern is growing, but the message from the governor is clear: there is no danger.
And so the real drama, or should I say scandal, came from the governor of Martinique Louis Mouttet. Indeed, for political reasons, he claimed loud and clear that there was no danger, encouraged people to stay, and even forbid boats to take off. The reason for all this: the second round of legislative elections was to be held on May 11.
Legend has it that there was only one survivor, in reality, there were at least 3 from the city itself and about 20 on ships. However, there is no doubt that out of the tens of thousands of people in Saint Pierre on May 8, 1902, only a handful managed to escape.
The most famous survivor was Cyparis, a man locked up in jail after a bar fight. The cell was damp and had very thick walls (you can see the remains of the cell in the pictures!), which helped Cyparis survive. He was released from his prison after several days on May 11. He was later pardoned and joined an American circus, where he displayed his burns and was presented as the only survivor of the "doomsday". He was also one of the first famous men of color in the world of entertainment in the United States.
Still, the city never fully recovered, and St. Pierre is now just a quiet little town with a heavy past and a unique historical site.
That's it for me for today, I hope you enjoyed this little story about the Saint Pierre disaster! You now know almost everything there is to know about the city, you just have to come and visit!
Thanks for reading to the end, and as always, don't hesitate to leave a comment!
Bonjour Ă tous,
Il y a quelques posts, j'ai commencé à vous raconter l'histoire de la destruction de la ville de Saint Pierre au cours de l'éruption de la Montagne Pelée. Cette fois-ci, je voudrais vous raconter la catastrophe du point de vue humain.
Saint Pierre n'eut pas le destin classique des centres industriels progressivement abandonnĂ©s et livrĂ©s Ă eux mĂȘme. Non, le destin avait dĂ©cidĂ© d'un sort bien plus violent, avec un finish grandiose (cela reste dĂ©pend de quel point de vue l'on se place, bien Ă©videmment.).
La grande catastrophe de Saint-Pierre, comme on l'appelle parfois, a Ă©tĂ© une Ă©ruption volcanique majeure de la Montagne PelĂ©e en 1902. Comme le VĂ©suve en Italie, la Montagne PelĂ©e est un volcan explosif, ce qui signifie que lorsqu'il rentre en Ă©ruption ce volcan ne vomis pas des flots de lave ininterrompus, mais Ă©jecte des "nuĂ©es ardentes". Ces nuĂ©es ardentes sont des nuages de particules et de gaz Ă trĂšs hautes tempĂ©ratures (1200-1300°C) auxquels rien ne rĂ©siste. Ni mur, ni Homme, ni bĂȘte. Pas mĂȘme les bateaux dans la baie qui ont brĂ»lĂ©, et pas non plus les milliers de personnes qui se sont jetĂ©es Ă la mer pour Ă©chapper Ă la catastrophe et qui ont finis Ă©bouillantĂ©s!
Il faut savoir qu'en 1902, cela fait plusieurs années que des fumerolles d'échappent de la montagne. Cependant, le 8 mai, cela fait déjà 2 semaines que des séismes, des pluies de cendre et des nuages épais de fumée se font sentir en provenance du volcan. L'inquiétude monte, mais les directives du gouverneur sont claires : il n'y a aucun danger.
Et donc le vĂ©ritable drame, ou devrais-je dire scandal, provient du gouverneur de la Martinique Louis Mouttet qui pour des raisons politiques clame haut et fort qu'il n'y a aucun danger et encourage les gens Ă rester et interdit mĂȘme au bateaux de prendre le large. La raison de tout ceci : le second tour des Ă©lections lĂ©gislatives qui devaient se tenir le 11 mai.
La lĂ©gende raconte qu'il n'y a eu qu'un survivant, en rĂ©alitĂ©, il y en a eu au moins 3 provenant de la ville elle mĂȘme et une vingtaine qui Ă©taient Ă bord de navires. Le constat reste cependant sans appel, sur les dizaines de milliers de personnes prtĂ©sentes sur Saint Pierre le 8 mai 1902, seulement une petite poignĂ©e parvient Ă en rĂ©chapper.
Le survivant le plus cĂ©lĂšbres est Cyparis, un homme enfermĂ© dans un cachot suite Ă une bagarre dans un bar. Le cachot Ă©tant humide et aux murs trĂšs Ă©pais, Cyparis a survĂ©cu et il a Ă©tĂ© sorti de sa prison aprĂšs plusieurs jours le 11 mai. Il a par la suite Ă©tĂ© graciĂ© et a rejoint un cirque amĂ©ricain, oĂč il a exhibĂ© ses brulures et prĂ©sentĂ© comme le seul survivant du "jours du jugement dernier". Il a d'ailleurs Ă©tĂ© un des premiers hommes de couleur cĂ©lĂšbre dans le monde du spectacle aux Etats-Unis.
Toujours est-il que la ville ne s'en est jamais vraiment remise, et Saint-Pierre n'est aujourd'hui qu'une petite ville tranquille, avec un lourd passé et un site historique de premier plan.
VoilĂ , ce sera tout pour moi pour aujourd'hui, jâespĂšre que vous avez apprĂ©ciĂ© cette petite histoire sur la catastrophe de Saint Pierre ! Vous savez maintenant Ă peu prĂšs tout ce qu'il y a a savoir sur la ville, il ne vous reste plus qu'a venir y faire un tour!
Me1rci dâavoir lu jusquâau bout et comme toujours, nâhĂ©sitez pas Ă laisser un commentaire !
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That is a fascinating bit of history right there đ
I'm totally going to read up on this a bit more.
Typical. The mayor. Not surprising at all.
:(
Thanks ! I am glad you liked it!
I think there is a Wikipedia page in English, could be a good starting point!
This is a sad story, it would have been so easy to avoid such a disaster...
Sounds horrific. But then government. Always it seems :(
I'll follow up for sure. đ
I was so intrigued to learn more about this place and its people. I like this workđ.
Thank you so much!
My focus is Japan but I will publish a few posts about this place as well đ
Amazing place. I love the pictures đ
Thanks a lot!
I love the Caribbean sea as well, it is a shame I don't have a waterproof camera to show you around below the surface as well!